Introduction
Leo Baron (c. 1916 – 22 October 1985) was a British lawyer, Royal Air Force officer and contract bridge player who practised law in Southern Rhodesia (today Zimbabwe) during the 1950s and 1960s, sat on the Supreme Court of Zambia during the 1970s, and briefly served as Acting Chief Justice of Zimbabwe in 1983.
Biography
Baron was born in Plauen in eastern Germany, the brother of the historian and scientist Jacob Bronowski, and raised in Britain. He read law at King's College London. A contract bridge champion, he developed, with Adam Meredith, the Baron System of bidding during the 1940s.
During the Second World War Baron was a squadron leader in the Royal Air Force, and was stationed in Southern Rhodesia. He settled there after the war and in 1952 set up a law practice in the self-governing colony's second city, Bulawayo. His clients over the next decade and a half included the prominent black nationalist Joshua Nkomo.
When Ian Smith's government unilaterally declared independence on 11 November 1965, Baron, who challenged the Smith administration's legality, was arrested and kept in solitary confinement until April 1967. He returned to Britain following his release. During the 1970s he returned to Africa to become Deputy Chief Justice of Zambia. While on Zambia's Supreme Court he decided the controversial case Harry Mwaanga Nkumbula, which ruled that the Supreme Court could not prevent the "likely" violation of Zambia's constitution.
Baron was a legal adviser to black nationalist negotiators in the negotiations leading to the Lancaster House Agreement of December 1979, which led to the internationally recognised independence of Zimbabwe the following year. He was appointed Acting Chief Justice of Zimbabwe in 1983, but retired shortly afterwards, citing his health. He died in the Zimbabwean capital Harare on 22 October 1985.