James Macartney

James Macartney (c.1651/3–16 December 1727) was an Irish lawyer, judge andpolitician, notablemainly for presiding at the Carrickfergus witch trials of 1711.

He was the eldest son of George Macartney, surveyor of Belfast, and his first wifeJane Calderwood; George Macartney, 1st Earl Macartney, was descended from his younger brother. He entered Middle Temple in 1671 and the King's Inn in 1677.

He sat in the Irish House of Commons for Belfast from 1692 to 1693 and from 1695 to 1699 and in 1701 was made second justice of the Court of King's Bench. He was removed from the Benchin 1711 due to his political opinions,but reappointed in 1714, and was transferred to the Court of Common Pleas the same year.

Historians have criticised the credulity he displayed at the Carrickfergus witchcraft trials of 1711, which werethe last such trials to be held in Ireland. Eight women were charged with bewitching a young woman called Mary Dunbar; in noted contrast to his colleague Mr Justice Upton, who called them women of blameless lifeand devout churchgoers and urged an acquittal, Macartney urged the jury to convict, which they duly did. On the other hand, since in theory witchcraft was a capital crime, thesentence he imposedof a year's imprisonment with four sessions in the pillory was relatively lenient.

Despitemuch criticism of his conduct at the Carrickfergus trials, he was later spoken of twice as Chief Justice of the Irish Common Pleas, but was passed over. He retired from the Bench in 1726 and died in Londonthe following year.

Macartney married firstly Frances, daughter of Sir Anthony Irby and Catherine Paget,who died in 1684, and secondly Alice, daughter of Sir James Cuffe and his wifeAlice Aungier, sister of the Earl of Longford,by whom he had a son, James Macartney junior. Alicedied on 7 October 1725. Their descendants included the poet Frances Greville (nee Macartney) and her daughter,the noted political hostess Frances Anne Crewe.