Introduction
Giovanni Trapattoni (Italian pronunciation: [d͡ʒoˈvanni trapatˈtoni]; born 17 March 1939), sometimes popularly known as "Trap" or "Il Trap", is an Italian football manager and former footballer, considered the most successful club coach in the history of Serie A. A former defensive midfielder, as a player he spent almost his entire club career with A.C. Milan, where he won two Serie A league titles (1961–62 and 1967–68), and two European Cups, in 1962–63 and 1968–69. Internationally, he played for Italy, earning 17 caps and participating in the 1962 FIFA World Cup in Chile.
One of the most celebrated managers in football history, Trapattoni is one of only five coaches, alongside Carlo Ancelotti, Ernst Happel, José Mourinho and Tomislav Ivić to have won league titles in four different European countries; in total, Trapattoni has won 10 league titles in Italy, Germany, Portugal and Austria. Alongside Udo Lattek, he is the only coach to have won all three major European club competitions (European Cup, UEFA Cup, UEFA Cup Winners' Cup) and the only one to make it with the same club (Juventus). Also, he is the only one to have won all official continental club competitions and the world title, achieving this with Juventus during his first spell with the club. He is one of the rare few to have won the European Cup, the Cup Winners' Cup and Intercontinental Cup as both a player and manager.
Regarded as the most famous and consistent disciple of Nereo Rocco, Trapattoni coached his native Italian national team to the 2002 FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro 2004, but could not replicate his club successes with Italy, suffering a controversial early exit in both competitions. Trapattoni was most recently the manager of the Republic of Ireland national team. He led them to their first European Championships in 24 years, enjoying a successful UEFA Euro 2012 qualifying campaign. This followed narrowly missing out on the 2010 FIFA World Cup, after his team were controversially knocked out by France.
Club career
Born in Cusano Milanino near Milan, Trapattoni had a successful career as a player with A.C. Milan, playing either as a central defender or as a defensive midfielder with the main task of passing the ball to more creative players such as Giovanni Lodetti and Gianni Rivera. He won two Serie A titles (1961–62, 1967–68) and two European Cups (1962–63, 1968–69) during his time with Milan, and was one of the stars of the 1963 European Cup Final against Benfica, successfully man-marking Eusébio in the second half.
After taking a break from the national team, Trapattoni thought he could settle with a mid-table team for one last season instead of being at one club all his life, subsequently moving to Varese and, after a successful season with them, retired from professional football and embarked on a highly successful managerial career two years later.
International career
Trapattoni also played for the Italian national team, earning 17 caps and scoring 1 goal. Most notably, he played at the 1962 FIFA World Cup in Chile.
Style of play
A talented defensive-minded player, Trapattoni was capable of playing both in defence, as a centre-back, and in midfield, as a defensive midfielder, due to his work-rate and ability to win back possession and subsequently distribute the ball forward to his more offensive-minded teammates. Above all, he was known for his excellent man-marking skills.
Coaching career
1974–86: Early career at A.C. Milan and Juventus
Trapattoni began coaching at Milan as a youth team coach, before becoming caretaker coach. Trapattoni was caretaker coach from 9 April 1974 to 30 June 1974. His first match was the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup semi–final first leg against Borussia Mönchengladbach. Milan won the match 2–0. They got to the final after only losing the second leg 1–0. Milan lost the final 2–0 to East German club 1. FC Magdeburg. Milan finished seventh in Serie A. He was appointed first team coach in 1975.
Trapattoni was head coach for Juventus for ten consecutive years, from 1 July 1976 to 30 June 1986. Trapattoni won all UEFA club competitions (a European record).
He won the Serie A league title six times (1976–77, 1977–78, 1980–81, 1981–82, 1983–84, 1985–86), the Coppa Italia twice (1978–79 and 1982–83), the European Cup in 1984–85 (in a final against then-reigning champions Liverpool marked by the Heysel disaster), the Intercontinental Cup in 1985, the Cup Winners' Cup in 1983–84, the European Super Cup in 1984, and the UEFA Cup in 1976–77.
Apart from winning the European Cup in 1984–85, Trapattoni came close to conquering the trophy on another occasion, in 1982–83, but Juventus suffered a surprising defeat at the hands of Hamburg in the Athens final, finishing as runners-up.
During his years managing Juventus, Trapattoni established himself as one of the best managers in football history, well-known and respected among fans and journalists throughout Europe. He was renowned for combining expert man-management with almost unmatched tactical knowledge.
1986–94: Inter Milan and return to Juventus
Trapattoni coached Inter Milan from 1 July 1986 to 30 June 1991. While in charge of the nerazzurri, he won the Serie A in 1988–89, the Supercoppa Italiana in 1989 and the UEFA Cup in 1990–91.
He then managed Juventus for a second time between 1991 and 1994, winning the UEFA Cup in 1992–93.
1994–98: Bayern Munich, return to Serie A, and back to Bayern Munich
Trapattoni became coach of Bayern Munich in the summer of 1994, after the end of his second spell with Juventus. However, he left at the end of the 1994–95 season.
Trapattoni coached Cagliari in the 1995–96 season. His first match was a 1–0 loss to Udinese on 26 August 1995. The club's board of directors decided to dismiss him in February 1996, after a string of bad results; Trapattoni was thus fired for the first time in his career. His final match was a 4–1 loss to Juventus. Cagliari were in 13th place at the time of his sacking.
Trapattoni returned to manage Bayern again in July 1996. He is well remembered by German fans for an emotional outburst in broken German during a press conference on 10 March 1998 ("Was erlauben Strunz?" ... Ich habe fertig! [German uses the verb sein(am) and not habe(have) to express "I have finished"]" − How dare Strunz? ... I have finished) where he criticised the attitude of Mehmet Scholl and Mario Basler ("Diese Spieler waren schwach wie eine Flasche leer!" − These players were weak like a bottle empty). In a 2011 interview, Trapattoni himself explained his famous outburst thus:
There are certain situations in life when you need to raise your voice, and that press conference was one of those occasions. I deliberately raised my voice to make myself understood. When you have tired players, you substitute them for fresher players. People are used to this now, but back then in Germany, people wanted good players to play all the time because they were famous, even if they were exhausted. And I said No, players need to perform on the pitch whoever they are, and that is what the press conference was all about.
As Bayern manager Trapattoni won the German Bundesliga in 1996–97, the German Cup (DFB-Pokal) in 1997–98 and the German League Cup (DFB-Ligapokal) in 1997. He left Bayern at the end of the 1997–98 season and was replaced by Ottmar Hitzfeld.
1998–2004: Fiorentina and Italian national team
Trapattoni coached Fiorentina from 1998 to 2000. With Trapattoni's expert guidance, Fiorentina made a serious challenge for the title in 1998–99, finishing the season in 3rd place, which earned them qualification to the Champions League. The following season was rather disappointing in Serie A, with Fiorentina finishing in 7th place, but Trapattoni led them to some historic results in the Champions League, beating Arsenal 1–0 at the old Wembley Stadium and Manchester United 2–0 in Florence.
In July 2000, Trapattoni took charge of the Italy national team after the resignation of Dino Zoff. He led the team to the 2002 FIFA World Cup, qualifying undefeated to that tournament.
Italy were drawn in Group G of the tournament with Ecuador, Croatia and Mexico. The won their first match, beating Ecuador 2–0, but then suffered a surprise 2–1 defeat at the hands of Croatia. In their final group game, Italy drew 1–1 with Mexico, securing qualification to the Round of 16, where they faced tournament co-hosts South Korea. Italy lost 2–1 and were eliminated from the World Cup, conceding an equaliser two minutes from full-time and losing in extra time with Ahn Jung-Hwan scoring the golden goal. The game was highly controversial with members of the Italian team, most notably Trapattoni and striker Francesco Totti, suggesting a conspiracy to eliminate Italy from the competition. Trapattoni even obliquely accused FIFA of ordering the official to ensure a South Korean victory so that one of the two host nations would remain in the tournament. The most contentious decisions were an early penalty awarded to South Korea (saved by Gianluigi Buffon), a golden goal by Damiano Tommasi ruled offside, and the sending off of Totti, who received a second yellow card for an alleged dive in the penalty area, all ruled by the referee Byron Moreno.
Italy went on to easily secure qualification for UEFA Euro 2004, but failed to impress at the tournament itself. They were drawn in Group C with Denmark, Sweden and Bulgaria. They drew 0–0 with Denmark and 1–1 with Sweden, beating Bulgaria 2–1 in their final group game. This led to an unexpected early exit from the tournament, despite Italy being undefeated. Denmark and Sweden drew in the group's final match, eliminating Italy who finished in third place of Group C, on account of goal difference. More specifically, Sweden, Denmark and Italy all finished with five points, with each team having defeated Bulgaria but drawn their two other games. As all results between the three teams in question were draws, both the points won in these games and the goal difference accrued in these games still left the teams undivided. The decisive tiebreaker was therefore the goals scored during the games between one another: Italy, having scored the fewest goals of the three teams, were therefore eliminated.
Trapattoni later said: "Sweden against Denmark, I remember the game. Do you know what Johansson [the then UEFA president Lennart Johansson] said? 'If this game finishes in a draw, we will open an investigation' Do you know if he made the investigation? I'm still waiting for the investigation." These comments came eight years later, in 2012.
Marcello Lippi replaced Trapattoni on 15 July 2004.
2004–08: Benfica, Stuttgart, and Red Bull Salzburg
On 5 July 2004, Trapattoni was named as new coach of Benfica. He led them to the 2004–05 Portuguese league title, which was the club's first in 11 years. Benfica also reached the Portuguese Cup final that season, but lost to Vitória de Setúbal. Trapattoni resigned after the end of the 2004–05 season, saying he wanted to be closer to his family (in the north of Italy).
Trapattoni returned to management in the German Bundesliga in June 2005, by signing at VfB Stuttgart. However, during his 20 games at the helm, Stuttgart produced poor results. Denmark internationals Jon Dahl Tomasson and Jesper Grønkjær openly criticised their coach, claiming he was afraid to attack. Trapattoni immediately responded by dropping both players to the bench. With the atmosphere in the team worsening, he was sacked after just seven months, on 9 February 2006, reportedly for "not fulfilling the ambitions of the club". He was replaced as manager by Armin Veh.
In May 2006, Red Bull Salzburg announced it had signed Trapattoni as its new manager and director of football, along with one of his former players, Lothar Matthäus, who was to serve initially as Trapattoni's co-manager. Trapattoni initially cast doubt on this report, claiming he had not signed any contract. But three days later, both he and Matthäus signed and made their hirings official. Trapattoni secured the 2006–07 Austrian Bundesliga for the club. At the end of the season, the club's board of directors unanimously decided to dismiss Matthäus, and Thorsten Fink became Trapattoni's assistant manager.
2008–13: Republic of Ireland
On 11 February 2008, Trapattoni "agreed in principle" to take over the Republic of Ireland manager's job, but finished the season with Red Bull before taking up the Irish position on 1 May. Former Ireland midfielder Liam Brady was expected to be part of the Italian's backroom staff, while Marco Tardelli was confirmed as Trapattoni's assistant manager. Trapattoni signed Brady back in 1980 for Juventus from Arsenal for just over £500,000. Red Bull Salzburg confirmed, on 13 February 2008, that at the end of the 2007–08 season, Trapattoni would be leaving the club to take over as the Republic of Ireland manager. Manuela Spinelli became Trapattoni's interpreter. Because of her ability to speak both Italian and English, she became a familiar sight alongside him during most interviews. She has also appeared on The Late Late Show without Trapattoni.
Trapattoni's first game in charge, a friendly against Serbia on 24 May 2008, ended in a 1–1 draw. His second, another friendly, against Colombia five days later, meant his first victory with the national side, 1–0. This was followed by a 1–1 draw with Norway, his first competitive win against Georgia and a draw with Montenegro in 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification.
Trapattoni's first defeat came in a friendly against Poland on 19 November 2008, a 3–2 loss at Croke Park. He also managed to claim a 1–1 away draw against 2006 FIFA World Cup champions Italy, that he had managed himself from 2000 to 2004, thanks to a late equaliser from Robbie Keane. He finished the qualifying campaign unbeaten, becoming only the third Irish manager to do so, qualifying for a playoff place for the 2010 World Cup.
In September 2009, he signed a new contract with Ireland that would have seen him continue as manager until UEFA Euro 2012. In the first leg of the World Cup playoff in Croke Park on 14 November 2009, France won 1–0 with a goal by Nicolas Anelka. In the second leg in Paris, on 18 November 2009, a goal from Robbie Keane levelled the aggregate scores at 1–1 in the first half. In extra time, however, a William Gallas equaliser put France through 2–1 on aggregate. Replays of the French goal showed that Thierry Henry had twice used his hand to control the ball and was in an offside position before crossing for Gallas to head home.
In May 2011, he managed Ireland as they won the Nations Cup, after a 1–0 win against Scotland. Later that year he managed the Irish national team to UEFA Euro 2012 qualification, following a 5–1 aggregate play-off win against Estonia. Trapattoni was rewarded with a new two-year contract by the Football Association of Ireland (FAI). His success was praised by, among others, Dietmar Hamann.
Ireland exited UEFA Euro 2012 at the group stage, after losing to eventual finalists Spain and Italy. Early in 2014 FIFA World Cup qualification, Ireland suffered a 6–1 defeat to Germany at home with a severely depleted team available. On 29 May 2013, Trapattoni's Ireland side faced off against England for the first time in eighteen years at the Wembley Stadium in a match which ended 1–1. Trapattoni parted ways with the Republic of Ireland national team on 11 September 2013 by mutual consent, after a defeat by Austria effectively ended their chances of qualification for the 2014 World Cup.
Vatican City
Trapattoni has managed the Vatican City national football team which is a member of neither FIFA nor UEFA. His first match as manager was played on 23 October 2010 when Vatican City faced a team composed of Italian financial police. Previously, at the age of 71 Trapattoni was quoted as saying, "When I retire, I would like to become coach of the Vatican."
Personal life
Trapattoni comes from a working-class background and lost his father as a child. A devout Roman Catholic, he regularly attends Regina Pacis Church in his hometown of Cusano Milanino whenever he is home and is a cooperator of Opus Dei. He and his wife Paola have a son and a daughter and are grandparents.
Health
In August 2010, Trapattoni was admitted to a hospital in Dublin, one-day before Ireland's friendly with Argentina. It was initially believed that the shellfish he had eaten before arriving in the country was to blame for him feeling unwell. He underwent surgery in the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin on 11 August. He missed the Argentina game due to his surgery. In January 2011, reports in the Italian media, claimed that he was at home recovering from a mild stroke he suffered during surgery on 28 December 2010. The reports claimed that the stroke had caused partial paralysis on the right side of his body. In a statement released through the FAI, Trapattoni said that while he did have scheduled surgery in Italy over Christmas, he had not suffered a stroke.
Style of management
Considered one of the greatest and most successful managers of all time, Trapattoni is highly regarded for his man-management, motivational, and organisational abilities, as well as his tactical acumen. He is known in particular for his direct management style and use of rigorous, innovative tactics, while his teams are usually known for their mental strength and organisation, and for often implementing an efficient yet highly effective "zona mista" style of play, regarded as an evolution of catenaccio, as it drew elements from both man-marking and zonal marking systems.
Trapattoni is also a popular figure in Italy for his original press conference speeches and trademark quotes, one of the most famous being "don't say cat until you've got it in the bag". During his managerial stints abroad, his sense of humour, coupled with his difficulties with the local language, won him a significant amount of popularity with both fans and the press. His most memorable press conference took place while he was in charge of German club Bayern Munich. In a speech riddled with grammar mistakes and involuntary neologisms, most famously using "Ich habe fertig" (roughly translatable as "I have finished", in place of "I am finished") and "Schwach wie eine Flasche leer" ("weak like a bottle empty"), he soundly attacked many of his players, including Thomas Strunz, whose last name, in Trapattoni's native Lombard dialect, is a swear word roughly equivalent to "asshole".
He is also known for a two-fingered whistle he uses to capture the attention of his players during games. He also brought a bottle of holy water during 2002 FIFA World Cup games when he was in charge of the Italian national team. He kept the same tradition while in charge of Benfica.
Career statistics
Player
Club
| Club performance | League | Cup | Continental | Total | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Season | Club | League | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Italy | League | Coppa Italia | Europe | Total | ||||||
| 1958–59 | Milan | Serie A | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| 1959–60 | 2 | 0 | ||||||||
| 1960–61 | 30 | 1 | ||||||||
| 1961–62 | 32 | 0 | ||||||||
| 1962–63 | 30 | 0 | ||||||||
| 1963–64 | 28 | 1 | ||||||||
| 1964–65 | 30 | 0 | ||||||||
| 1965–66 | 18 | 1 | ||||||||
| 1966–67 | 23 | 0 | ||||||||
| 1967–68 | 24 | 0 | ||||||||
| 1968–69 | 22 | 0 | ||||||||
| 1969–70 | 20 | 0 | ||||||||
| 1970–71 | 15 | 0 | ||||||||
| 1971–72 | Varese | 10 | 0 | |||||||
| Country | Italy | 284 | 3 | |||||||
| Total | 284 | 3 | ||||||||
International
| Italy national team | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Apps | Goals |
| 1960 | 1 | 0 |
| 1961 | 5 | 0 |
| 1962 | 2 | 0 |
| 1963 | 6 | 1 |
| 1964 | 3 | 0 |
| Total | 17 | 1 |
International goal
- Scores and results list Italy's goal tally first.
| # | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | 9 June 1963 | Praterstadion, Wien, Austria |  Austria |
1–0 | 1–0 | Friendly |
Manager
- As of 10 September 2013.
| Team | From | To | Record | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Win % | ||||
| A.C. Milan | 9 April 1974 | 30 June 1974 | 7001110000000000000♠11 | 7000400000000000000♠4 | 7000500000000000000♠5 | 7000200000000000000♠2 | 7000600000000000000♠6 | 7000400000000000000♠4 | +2 | 07001363600000000000♠36.36 | |
| Juventus | 1 July 1976 | 30 June 1986 | 7002450000000000000♠450 | 7002244000000000000♠244 | 7002136000000000000♠136 | 7001700000000000000♠70 | 7002720000000000000♠720 | 7002334000000000000♠334 | +386 | 07001542200000000000♠54.22 | |
| Inter Milan | 1 July 1986 | 30 June 1991 | 7002233000000000000♠233 | 7002126000000000000♠126 | 7001610000000000000♠61 | 7001460000000000000♠46 | 7002342000000000000♠342 | 7002169000000000000♠169 | +173 | 07001540800000000000♠54.08 | |
| Juventus | 1 July 1991 | 30 June 1994 | 7002140000000000000♠140 | 7001740000000000000♠74 | 7001420000000000000♠42 | 7001240000000000000♠24 | 7002235000000000000♠235 | 7002119000000000000♠119 | +116 | 07001528600000000000♠52.86 | |
| Bayern Munich | 1 July 1994 | 30 June 1995 | 7001460000000000000♠46 | 7001170000000000000♠17 | 7001180000000000000♠18 | 7001110000000000000♠11 | 7001680000000000000♠68 | 7001590000000000000♠59 | +9 | 07001369600000000000♠36.96 | |
| Cagliari | 1 July 1995 | 30 June 1996 | 7001370000000000000♠37 | 7001130000000000000♠13 | 7000800000000000000♠8 | 7001160000000000000♠16 | 7001410000000000000♠41 | 7001540000000000000♠54 | −13 | 07001351400000000000♠35.14 | |
| Bayern Munich | 1 July 1996 | 30 June 1998 | 7001900000000000000♠90 | 7001550000000000000♠55 | 7001220000000000000♠22 | 7001130000000000000♠13 | 7002192000000000000♠192 | 7001890000000000000♠89 | +103 | 07001611100000000000♠61.11 | |
| Fiorentina | 1 July 1998 | 30 June 2000 | 7001990000000000000♠99 | 7001440000000000000♠44 | 7001310000000000000♠31 | 7001240000000000000♠24 | 7002149000000000000♠149 | 7002109000000000000♠109 | +40 | 07001444400000000000♠44.44 | |
| Italy | 6 July 2000 | 15 July 2004 | 7001440000000000000♠44 | 7001250000000000000♠25 | 7001120000000000000♠12 | 7000700000000000000♠7 | 7001680000000000000♠68 | 7001300000000000000♠30 | +38 | 07001568200000000000♠56.82 | |
| Benfica | 5 July 2004 | 31 May 2005 | 7001510000000000000♠51 | 7001290000000000000♠29 | 7001100000000000000♠10 | 7001120000000000000♠12 | 7001820000000000000♠82 | 7001500000000000000♠50 | +32 | 07001568600000000000♠56.86 | |
| VfB Stuttgart | 17 June 2005 | 9 February 2006 | 7001310000000000000♠31 | 7001110000000000000♠11 | 7001130000000000000♠13 | 7000700000000000000♠7 | 7001370000000000000♠37 | 7001310000000000000♠31 | +6 | 07001354809999999999♠35.48 | |
| Red Bull Salzburg | May 2006 | 30 April 2008 | 7001870000000000000♠87 | 7001480000000000000♠48 | 7001190000000000000♠19 | 7001200000000000000♠20 | 7002158000000000000♠158 | 7001850000000000000♠85 | +73 | 07001551700000000000♠55.17 | |
| Republic of Ireland | 1 May 2008 | 11 September 2013 | 7001640000000000000♠64 | 7001260000000000000♠26 | 7001220000000000000♠22 | 7001160000000000000♠16 | 7001860000000000000♠86 | 7001640000000000000♠64 | +22 | 07001406300000000000♠40.63 | |
| Career totals | 7003138200000000000♠1,382 | 7002716000000000000♠716 | 7002399000000000000♠399 | 7002267000000000000♠267 | 7003218400000000000♠2,184 | 7003119600000000000♠1,196 | +988 | 07001518100000000000♠51.81 | |||
Honours
One of the most celebrated managers in football history, Trapattoni is one of only six coaches (alongside Ernst Happel, Carlo Ancelotti, José Mourinho, Béla Guttmann, and Tomislav Ivić) to have won the league title (10) in at least four different countries (Italy, Germany, Portugal, and Austria) and the fourth coach with the most international competitions for clubs won in the world – second in Europe – with seven titles in eight finals, including the Intercontinental Cup final (six titles in seven finals with Juventus). Alongside the German Udo Lattek, he is the only coach to have won all three major European club titles. Also, he is the only one to have won all UEFA club competitions and the World Club title, also having the record of UEFA Cup wins (three).
Player
Club
- A.C. Milan
- Serie A: 1961–62, 1967–68
- Coppa Italia: 1966–67
- European Cup: 1963, 1969
- UEFA Cup Winners' Cup: 1967–68
- Intercontinental Cup: 1969
Manager
Club
- Juventus
- Serie A: 1976–77, 1977–78, 1980–81, 1981–82, 1983–84, 1985–86
- Coppa Italia: 1978–79, 1982–83
- European Cup: 1984–85
- UEFA Cup Winners' Cup: 1984
- UEFA Cup: 1976–77, 1992–93
- European Super Cup: 1984
- Intercontinental Cup: 1985
- Internazionale
- Serie A: 1988–89
- Supercoppa Italiana: 1989
- UEFA Cup: 1990–91
- Bayern Munich
- Bundesliga: 1996–97
- DFB-Pokal: 1997–98
- DFB-Ligapokal: 1997
- Benfica
- Primeira Liga: 2004–05
- Red Bull Salzburg
- Austrian Bundesliga: 2006–07
International
- Republic of Ireland
- Nations Cup: 2011
Individual
- A.C. Milan Hall of Fame
- Seminatore d'Oro: 1976–77, 1985
- Premio l'Allenatore dei Sogni: 1992
- Panchina d'Oro: 1997
- Champions of Europe plaque: 2006
- European Football Coach of the Year: 1985, 1991
- European Coach of the Season: 1984–85, 1992–93
- Philips Manager of the Year Award: 2012
- Italian Football Hall of Fame: 2012