Introduction
Sir Audley Mervyn of Trillick (1603?–1675) was a lawyer and politician in seventeenth-century Ireland.He was MP for County Tyrone and Speaker of the Irish House of Commons 1661-1666.
He was the second son of Sir Henry Mervyn of Petersfield, Hampshire, who married his cousin Lady Christian Tuchet, daughter of George Tuchet, 1st Earl of Castlehaven and his wife Lucy Mervyn, only daughter of Sir James Mervyn.
Early career
He attended Christ Church, Oxford. He moved to Ireland, at the suggestion of his Castlehaven relatives, who had large estates in that country, and himself became a substantial Irish landowner, principally in County Tyrone. By 1640 he had become a captain in the army raised for Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Straffordand in the same year was elected MPfor Tyrone. In 1641 he led the attack on Strafford in the Irish House of Commons, presenting articles of impeachment against Sir Richard Bolton, Lord Chancellor of Ireland;John Bramhall, Bishop of Derry; Sir Gerard Lowther, Chief Justice of the Irish Common Pleas; and Sir George Radcliffe, member of the Privy Council of Ireland. These wereall friends and ministers of the Earl of Strafford, then under impeachment by the House of Commons of England. The impeachment failed butStafford was attainted and executed in May 1641.
Between 1641 and 1661 he served in the Army, rising to the rank of Colonel. In 1644 he was appointed Governor of Londonderry but was soon after removed when he took the covenant "on the grounds of expediency". His movements during the 1650s are unclear: at one point he was arrested and returned to England but was shortly thereafter allowed to go back to Ulster. Hedecided on a legal career and entered the King's Inn in 1658.
Restoration
In 1660 he was appointed as one of twelve commissioners sent from Tyrone to treat with Charles II. Hewas knighted, and was appointed to the post ofPrime Serjeant, themost senior law office in Ireland.However Ormonde, the Lord Lieutenant,had always distrusted him and preferred to take advice only from the Attorney General for Ireland, Sir William Domville, so that in a few years Mervyn's role as Crownlegal adviser effectively lapsed. From then on the Attorney General of Ireland was always regarded asthe seniorLaw Officer.
He was chosen Speaker ofthe House of Commons in May 1661 when again member for Tyrone,against the wishes of the King, who would have preferred William Domville. Shortly thereafter he went to England for nine months between September 1661 and May 1662 to take part in negotiations on the Act of Settlement 1662. When he returned he played an influential role in the House and was at the same time involved in theCourt of Claimsset upunder the Act of Settlement to adjudicate land claims. This led to charges of corruption against him. He was Speaker until the dissolution of Parliament in 1666, although he had greatly offended the King, and his loyaltyto the Crown wasdeeply suspect. He continued with his legal practice, but his later years are rather obscure.
Family
He married firstly in 1638 Mary Dillon, daughter of JohnDillon of Castle Dillon, and widow of Francis Windsor. He marriedsecondly Martha, (died 1685)daughter of Sir Hugh Clotworthy and Mary Langford,and sister of the leading politicianJohn Clotworthy, 1st Viscount Massereene. By two marriages he had at least three sons and twodaughters, including Henry, the eldest son and heir, Hugh and Guy. His principal seat was Trillick Castle (or Castle Tuchet), County Tyrone, which remained in the Mervyn family for several generations.
Reputation
According to the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, "Opinions concerning Mervyn, both in his own day and since, have been various, but rarely complimentary, with frequent accusations of corruption, lack of scruple, or the pursuit of self-interest above principle."